Otto Cycle – Processes pV diagram of Otto Cycle. ![]() About 70-75% is rejected as waste heat without being converted into useful work, i.e. ![]() A typical gasoline automotive engine operates at around 25% to 30% of thermal efficiency. Since Carnot’s principle states that no engine can be more efficient than a reversible engine ( a Carnot heat engine) operating between the same high temperature and low temperature reservoirs, the Otto engine it must have lower efficiency than the Carnot efficiency. In an ideal Otto cycle, the system executing the cycle undergoes a series of four internally reversible processes: two isentropic (reversible adiabatic) processes alternated with two isochoric processes. In contrast to Carnot cycle, the Otto cycle does not execute isothermal processes, because these must be performed very slowly. It is the one of most common thermodynamic cycles that can be found in automobile engines and describes the functioning of a typical spark ignition piston engine. The cycle of the Otto engine is called the Otto cycle. These inventions quickly reshaped the world in which they lived. Wilhelm Maybach (1846-1929), one of the most important German engineers, perfected the construction, which was produced in large quantities already at the end of the year 1876. ![]() a stationary engine using a coal gas-air mixture for fuel. In 1876, a German engineer, Nikolaus August Otto advanced the study of heat engines by building of the first working four-stroke engine.
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