![]() Dendrites can be located on one or both ends of a cell. These small, branchlike projections of the cell make connections to other cells and allow the neuron to talk with other cells or perceive the environment. axon: A long, single nerve fiber that transmits messages, via electrochemical impulses, from the body of the neuron to dendrites of other neurons, or directly. Myelinated neurons are typically found in the peripheral nerves (sensory and motor neurons), while non-myelinated neurons are found in the brain and spinal cord. Myelin is made of fat and protein, and it helps to speed transmission of a nerve impulse down a long axon. Depending upon the type of neuron, axons can be covered with a thin layer of myelin sheath, like an insulated electrical wire. The neuron is the basic working unit of the brain, a specialized cell designed to transmit information to other nerve cells, muscle, or gland cells. In their study, Greenberg, Yap and team set out to explore this process by looking at the gene Fos. This long, cablelike projection of the cell carries the electrochemical message (nerve impulse or action potential) along the length of the cell. In order to form memories, the brain must somehow wire an experience into neurons so that when these neurons are reactivated, the initial experience can be recalled. This main part has all of the necessary components of the cell, such as the nucleus (which contains DNA), endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes (for building proteins) and mitochondria (for making energy).
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